Iyo wunvise udushya turambye hamwe nigiti gifatika cyo guhumeka mugihe kimwe, igitekerezo cyawe cya mbere gishobora kuba ugushidikanya. Ibyanjye byari. Imyaka myinshi, inganda zagereranije kuramba hamwe ninyongera zihenze cyangwa ibicuruzwa byo kwamamaza. Ariko maze imyaka mirongo ibiri kurubuga ruva muburasirazuba bwo hagati rugana mu majyepfo yuburasirazuba bwa Aziya, nabonye ikiganiro gihinduka kuva niba bishoboka kuburyo bikorwa - rimwe na rimwe bigenda neza, rimwe na rimwe sibyo. Ikibazo gikikije Simem ntabwo kijyanye gusa nimashini zabo; ni ukumenya niba uburyo bwabo busobanura neza imikoreshereze yumutungo kumushinga muzima, cyangwa niba arikindi kibazo cyo koza ibyatsi bipfunyitse mubyuma.
Uburemere nyabwo burambye mubikorwa bya beto
Reka duce urusaku. Kuramba mu gutunganya ntabwo ari imirasire y'izuba gusa hejuru yinzu. Byerekeranye nibintu bya granulaire: igiteranyo cyamazi yubushuhe bukora mukugabanya itandukaniro ryamazi, kuramba-kwisi kwisi kwivanga rya mixer idakenera guhinduranya buri mezi atandatu, hamwe na logique yo kugenzura igabanya igihe cyicyiciro cyigihe kitarinze gukoresha peteroli. Ndibuka umushinga muri Vietnam aho sisitemu yasezeranijwe ikoresha ingufu zitwara ingufu ku ruganda rwabanywanyi idashobora guhangana nihindagurika rya gride yaho, biganisha kumikoreshereze yigihe gito na moteri ya mazutu-net negative. Iyo rero nsuzumye Simem, ndashaka uku kuri kwimikorere, ntabwo ari udutabo dusaba.
Ibyo bibandaho uruganda rukora beto igishushanyo mbonera cyo kugabanya imyanda ni ikintu gifatika cyo gutangiriraho. Ibimera byinshi bisaba gutondeka neza, ariko gihamya iri mukirundo kirenze umunsi urangiye. Mugusura ahazubakwa urugomero hifashishijwe uburyo bwa Simem, umuyobozi wurubuga yerekanye uburyo bwabo bwo guteranya imitwaro-selile yo gutanga ibitekerezo. Ntabwo yari tekinoroji ya revolution, ariko kalibrasi no kwishyira hamwe kwayo byasaga nkibikomeye, byerekana imyanda ya sima ihoraho 1.5-2% kuri buri cyiciro ugereranije nibihingwa bishaje bayoboraga. Ibyo ntabwo ari binini kuri buri mutwaro, ariko hejuru ya metero kibe 500 kumunsi? Ibyo ni ibintu bifatika no kuzigama ibiciro, aribwo buriri bwo gukomeza kuramba.
Iyi sano ihuza sisitemu yo gutunganya amazi. Hafi ya buri ruganda rukomeye rutanga ubungubu. Ariko umutwaro wo kubungabunga akenshi bivuze ko bazimye. Igishushanyo mbonera cya sisitemu yamazi ya Simem, nkurikije ibyo nabonye, igerageza koroshya inzira yo gusukura. Ntabwo ari byiza-nta sisitemu ihari-ariko kuboneka kw'ibice by'ingenzi byerekana ko bumvise ibibazo by'abakozi bashinzwe kubungabunga. Nuburyo bwo guhanga udushya akenshi twirengagizwa: gushushanya umukanishi, ntabwo ari injeniyeri gusa.
Gukoresha Ingufu: Ibipimo bicecekeye
Amashanyarazi no gutwika amavuta ni bije ituje-na karubone-abicanyi. Udushya hano akenshi twiyongera. Kwimuka kwa Simem kwerekeza kuri moteri ikora neza cyane (yujuje ubuziranenge bwa IE3 / IE4) hamwe na drives ya variable frequency (VFDs) kuri convoyeur no kuvanga ubu ni inganda-ngenderwaho kubirango byo murwego rwo hejuru. Itandukaniro? Uburyo sisitemu yo kugenzura ibimera ibikoresha. Nabonye ibimera hamwe nibikoresho byose bikora neza biracyakora convoyeur byuzuye kugirango imitwaro igabanuke. Porogaramu ya Simem ya logique ya eco-modoka ya convoyeur yihuta ukurikije ingano yicyiciro ni ubwenge, ariko imikorere yayo iterwa rwose nuburyo uyikoresha ayikoresha. Ku rubuga rumwe, rwarirengagijwe; kurundi, aho ibiciro byingufu byakurikiranwe cyane, byogoshesha hafi 8% kumashanyarazi ataziguye. Tekinoroji ifasha kuzigama, ariko umuco wurubuga urabitegeka.
Noneho hari ubushyuhe. Mu bihe bikonje, gushyushya hamwe n’amazi ni imbaraga nini cyane. Kwishyira hamwe kwa Simem kugarura ubushyuhe bwa sisitemu ya hydraulic ya mixer kugeza amazi mbere yubushyuhe ni amayeri meza. Ntabwo ari igitekerezo gishya mu buhanga bw’inganda, ariko kubishyira mu bikorwa byizewe mu mukungugu, kunyeganyega w’uruganda rutunganya ni ikibazo. Rwiyemezamirimo mu Burusiya yatangaje ko ubu buryo bwakoraga neza mu bihe bibiri mbere yuko gufunga ubushyuhe biba ikibazo. Isomo? Ibintu biramba bigomba kuba byashizwe hejuru cyane mubihe bibi, cyangwa bigahinduka kubabara umutwe bidashoboka.
Urunigi rwo gutanga no gukora ibirenge
Aha niho inkuru iba yagutse. Kuramba kw'igihingwa ntabwo ari ibikorwa byacyo gusa. Yashizwemo nuburyo yubatswe. Niyo mpamvu kureba ibikorwa byuwabikoze wenyine bifite akamaro. Suzuma Taian Yueshou Kuvanga Ibikoresho Co, Ltd. (urashobora kubisanga kuri https://www.taysmix.com), iri mu mukino kuva mu myaka ya za 90. Hamwe n'abakozi barenga 1200 hamwe nikigo gifite metero kare 110.000, igipimo cyabo cyemerera guhuza vertical. Babyara ibyuma byabo bwite, ibyuma bivanga, hamwe nububiko. Kuva kumurongo urambye, kugenzura urwego rutanga bigabanya ibyuka byoherezwa mubintu kandi, mubitekerezo, bizamura igenzura ryiza kubice birebire.
Nasuye ikigo cyabo muri Taian, Shandong hashize imyaka mike. Ikintu cyagaragaye ntabwo cyari automatike, ahubwo ibice byabo bitondekanya hamwe nicyuma gisubiramo ibyuma muri metero kare 90.000. Kureka gukata hamwe nibisakuzo byakusanyirijwe hamwe kugirango bongere gushonga. Byari imyitozo shingiro, hafi yishuri-ishaje, ariko yarakoraga kandi irapima. Ibi bigira ingaruka ku buryo butaziguye ubuzima bwikirenge cya uruganda rukora beto barubaka. Igihingwa kimara imyaka 25 aho kuba 15, hamwe nibice bisubirwamo rwose, ni intsinzi nini irambye, kabone niyo idakora itangaza makuru.
Ariko, igipimo gifite ingaruka mbi. Ibiciro bya karubone byo kohereza uruganda rwuzuye ruva mubushinwa kugeza, muri Amerika yepfo ni ngombwa. Bamwe mubakiriya b’iburayi ubu barasaba kubara karubone ibirenge byo gutanga ibikoresho. Ibi birasunika abakora nka Simem nabafatanyabikorwa babo kunoza ibicuruzwa, gukoresha ibishushanyo mbonera byo kohereza ibicuruzwa, ndetse bakanatekereza no guterana kwakarere. Ni puzzle igoye aho icyatsi kibisi kibisi gishobora kudahuza nintambwe yo hasi yo kugemura.
Ikibazo mu ngingo: Amazi-Koresha Dilemma
Reka mvuge kunanirwa kwihariye nabonye-birigisha kuruta gutsinda. Uruganda runini rwiteguye kuvanga muri Indoneziya rwashora imari mu ruganda rwohejuru rwo hejuru ruvuga ko amazi ya zeru asohoka. Sisitemu yashizweho kugirango itunganyirize amazi yose atemba n'amazi y'imvura. Mubuhanga, byarakoze. Ariko amazi yatunganijwe neza arimo sili nziza, nubwo ayungurura, yahinduye buhoro buhoro igihe cyagenwe n'imbaraga za kare. Kubikorwa byubaka neza, ntabwo byari byemewe. Barangije bakoresha amazi yatunganijwe gusa mubikorwa bidakomeye kandi bagombaga kongeramo amazi meza, bigatesha agaciro intego nyamukuru ya sisitemu.
Ubunararibonye butuma ngira amakenga kubintu byose bisabwa. Iyo muganira ku micungire y’amazi ya Simem, ubu ndabaza ntabwo bijyanye gusa nigipimo cyo gutunganya ibicuruzwa, ahubwo ndabaza kubijyanye nuburyo amakuru y’amazi meza yatunganijwe agira ingaruka ku bishushanyo bitandukanye (M25 na M40, urugero). Guhanga udushya kwaba sisitemu idakoreshwa gusa ahubwo inavura neza kandi igahindura ubwiza bwamazi kurwego rusanzwe rukwiranye na beto yo murwego rwo hejuru. Ntabwo nabonye ibyo byamenyekanye neza kuva mubakora. Numupaka ukurikira.
None, Nibintu bishya birambye?
Ukurikije amaboko-arambuye, uburyo bwa Simem kuri uruganda rukora beto yerekana umugambi ugaragara wo kurenga icyatsi kibisi. Guhitamo kwubuhanga muburyo bwiza, logique yingufu, hamwe na sisitemu yerekana uburyo bwo kumenya ibiciro byubutaka nibidukikije. Gufatanya ninganda zashizweho nka Taian Yueshou zitanga inganda zo kubaka igihe kirekire no gushyira mubikorwa imikorere yumusaruro ishinzwe, nibyingenzi, niba bihishe, igice cyo kugereranya kuramba.
Ariko guhanga udushya bisobanura gusimbuka. Hano, ndabona ubwihindurize bwinshi. Agashya nyako ntigashobora kuba Simem wenyine, ariko uburyo sisitemu zabo zikoreshwa nabashoramari batekereza imbere. Uruganda rutanga ibikoresho-moteri ikora neza, kugenzura ubwenge, gusubiramo ibicuruzwa. Ibisubizo birambye bishyirwaho hamwe na disipuline yabakoresha, umwete wo kubungabunga itsinda, hamwe nubushake bwumushinga wo gupima ibyingenzi birenze igiciro cyambere.
Ubwanyuma, igihingwa kirambye cyane nicyo gitanga beto ihamye, yujuje ubuziranenge hamwe n imyanda ningufu nkeya mubuzima burebure. Ibishushanyo bya Simem rwose bihujwe niyi ntego. Kubyita impinduramatwara irambye irashobora kuba ndende, ariko ni intambwe ikomeye, ishoboye muri icyo cyerekezo-iyo, muruganda ruremereye, akenshi niyo iterambere ryukuri risa. Ibihamya, nkuko bisanzwe, bizaba biri mubikorwa byimikorere byakusanyirijwe kurubuga imyaka itanu cyangwa icumi uhereye none, ntabwo biri mubicuruzwa byamamaza uyu munsi.
