I-asphalt yinto eguquguqukayo yokugaqa esetyenziswa kulwakhiwo lwendlela, ukugcinwa kunye nokulungiswa. Yenziwe ngomxube wee-aggregates, i-filler, kunye nebhitumene. Izityalo zokuxuba i-asphalt (AMP) zisetyenziselwa ukuvelisa i-asphalt eshushu (HMA), eyona ndlela iqhelekileyo ye-asphalt esetyenziselwa ukwakhiwa kwendlela. Zimbini iintlobo zezityalo zokuxuba i-asphalt:
- IBatch Asphalt Mixing Plant:Izityalo ze-asphalt zeBatch zisebenza ngokuxuba ibhetshi ye-asphalt ngexesha. Ubungakanani bebhetshi ngokuqhelekileyo buphakathi kwe-4 kunye ne-8 yeetoni. Inkqubo yokuxuba i-batch iqala ngokutya kunye nokomisa kwee-aggregates. Emva koko ii-aggregates ziyajongwa kwaye zilinganiswe. Ibhitumene iyafudunyezwa kwaye ilinganiswe kwaye yongezwa kwi-mixer kunye ne-aggregates kunye ne-filler. Umxube uxutywe ixesha elimiselweyo kwaye ukhululwe kwi-mixer.
- Isixhobo sokuHlanganisa i-asphalt esiqhubekayo:Izityalo ze-asphalt eziqhubekayo zisebenza ngokuxuba umlambo oqhubekayo we-asphalt. I-aggregates, i-bitumen, kunye ne-filler ifakwe kwi-mixer ngesantya esilawulwayo. Umxube uxutywe njengoko uhamba nge-mixer kwaye ukhutshwe kwi-mixer.
Umahluko ophambili phakathi kwebhetshi kunye nezityalo zokuxuba eziqhubekayo ziquka:
- Isakhono seMveliso:Izityalo eziqhubekayo zinomthamo ophezulu wemveliso kunezityalo zebhetshi.
- Ukungqinelana:Izityalo eziqhubekayo zinokunika umgangatho wokuxuba ohambelana ngakumbi ngenxa yokuxuba okuqhubekayo.
- Ukuba bhetyebhetye:Izityalo ze-Batch zivumela utshintsho olulula lweresiphi kunye nokubandakanya izongezo ezikhethekileyo.
- Iindleko:Izityalo eziqhubekayo zinokubiza kakhulu ukuthenga nokusebenza, kodwa zibonelela ngolondolozo lweendleko zexesha elide ngemveliso ephezulu kunye nokusebenza kakuhle.
Iindidi ezimbini zezityalo zokuxuba i-asphalt zinezinye iiyantlukwano eziphambili, kodwa zilandela inkqubo efanayo yokuvelisa ngokubanzi.
I-Asphalt Mixing Plant Production Process
- Ukutya okudityanisiweyo kunye nokugcinwa kwempahla: Iingqokelela ezibandayo, ukusuka kwisanti ukuya ematyeni amakhulu, zihanjiswa kwisityalo kwaye zigcinwe kwimigqomo eyahlukeneyo. Ubungakanani kunye nohlobo lwe-aggregate esetyenzisiweyo kuxhomekeke ekusetyenzisweni okujoliswe kuyo kumxube we-asphalt ogqityiweyo.
- Ukomisa kunye nokufudumeza: KwiZityalo zokuHlanganisa iBatch, iaggregates ifakwa kwi rotary dryer igubu elibaswa sisitshisi. Oku komisa kwaye kufudumeze i-aggregates ukuya malunga ne-145-160 ° C; KwiZityalo zokuHlanganisa eziqhubekayo, igubu elijikelezayo elifanayo okanye uthotho lwezomisi ezincinci eziqhubekayo zomisa kwaye zifudumeze iiaggregates njengoko ziqhubela phambili kwisityalo.
- Uvavanyo kunye noGcino olushushu:Ii-aggregates ezishushu ezisuka kwisomisi zigqithiswa kwizikrini ezingcangcazelayo ukuze zahlule zibe ngobungakanani obahlukeneyo. Ezi aggregates ezinobungakanani zigcinwa kwimigqomo eshushu eyahlukileyo de idingeke ukuba ixutywe.
- Ukufudumeza kwebhitumene kunye noGcino: Ibhitumene, iarhente ebophelelayo kwi-asphalt, igcinwa kumatanki ashushu kwaye igcinwe kubushushu obuphakathi kwe-155-160°C.
- UkuWayisha kunye noKulinganisa: Kwibhetshi nganye, iireshiyo ezicwangciswe kwangaphambili zeeaggregates ezishushu, ibhitumene, kunye nazo naziphi na izongezo ozikhethelayo ezifana nokugcwaliswa okanye imathiriyeli ephinda isetyenziswe zilinganiswa ngokuchaneka okuphezulu.
- Ukuxuba: Kwi-Batch Mixing Plants izinto ezilinganisiweyo zityiswa kwi-pug mill, isixhobo sokuxuba esikhulu esithe tye, apho zidityaniswe ngokucokisekileyo kangangexesha elithile; KwiZityalo zokuxuba ngokuqhubekayo, izinto ezixutywayo zixutywa ngokuqhubekayo ngelixa zihamba nge-drum yokuxuba okanye i-pug mill.
- Ukukhutshwa kunye nokuhanjiswa: Umxube ogqityiweyo we-asphalt oshushu uyakhutshwa kwi-mixer okanye idrum.
Ukwahluka kweNkqubo eyongezelelweyo
- Izixhobo eziRecycled:Ezinye izityalo zinokubandakanya ipesenti ye-asphalt pavement ebuyiselweyo (RAP) kumxube wozinzo kunye nokongiwa kweendleko.
- Izongezo:Izongezo ezahlukeneyo zingasetyenziselwa ukuphucula ukusebenza komxube we-asphalt, ezifana neepolima zokwanda kokungachaneki kokuqhekeka okanye izilungisi zokusebenza kakuhle kwiimeko zemozulu ezimandundu.
- I-Asphalt ye-Low-Temperature Asphalt: Eyaziwa nangokuthi i-asphalt yokuxuba ukufudumala (i-WMA), isebenza ngokuguqula inkqubo yemveli yokuvelisa i-asphalt yokuxuba umxube wokunciphisa amaqondo obushushu apho i-asphalt ixutywa kwaye ibekwe khona.
Izityalo zokuxuba i-asphalt zibalulekile ekwakhiweni nasekugcinweni kweendlela kunye nohola wendlela. Nangona kunjalo, zinokuba ngumthombo obalulekileyo wongcoliseko lomoya, ngakumbi uthuli. Ukukhutshwa kothuli kwizityalo ze-asphalt kunokuba nefuthe elibi kwimpilo yabantu kunye nokusingqongileyo. Izityalo zokuxuba i-asphalt zihlala zibekwe ngaphakathi kwemida yesixeko okanye kwiindawo ezihlala abantu basezidolophini, kwaye iingxaki zothuli ezinxulumeneyo zixhalabisa abasemagunyeni, uluntu ngokubanzi, kunye nabasebenzi bezityalo. Imimiselo yolawulo longcoliseko lomoya ngoku iyamkelwa kwihlabathi jikelele, uninzi lunemigaqo ethile ejolise kulo msebenzi othile, kwaye akukho matshini mtsha ufakiweyo namhlanje ngaphandle kwelungiselelo elithile lolawulo lokuphuma kothuli. Kwakhona, imfuno ekhulayo ye-asphalt yokugalela imathiriyeli yomxube ithetha ukuba ngaphezulu komndilili wokulinga kufuneka kuchithwe ekulawuleni ukukhutshwa kothuli olusuka kwizityalo zokuxuba i-asphalt.
